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The criminal trial can be defined as the activity regulated by law, carried out by the criminal judicial bodies, so that persons having committed criminal offenses are brought to account for criminal liability and criminal penalties are imposed. Criminal trial aims to account for criminal liability persons who have committed criminal offences (i.e. achievement of the conflict criminal legal relationship), imposition of criminal penalties and their enforcement. The criminal trial phase is a division thereof, in which operate a particular category of judicial bodies in carrying out tasks that fall within their procedural position (to seek, to judge or to execute the decision), and following its exhaustion a particular solution on the criminal case may be rendered. The author reveals that, under the current Romanian legislation, the criminal trial covers three phases: prosecution, adjudication and enforcement of judgments (according to the Romanian doctrine, although the Code of Criminal Procedure in force entitles „Enforcement of Criminal Judgments” Title III of the Special Part). Under the new Code of criminal procedure rules, the criminal trial covers four phases: prosecution, the preliminary chamber, adjudication and enforcement of criminal judgments. -
În legislaþia românã, oportunitatea manifestãrii procurorului în procedura insolvenþei aparþine în exclusivitate acestuia ºi se înscrie în liniile directoare oferite de art. 45 alin. (3) C.pr.civ. Legea nr. 85/2006 nu prevede obligativitatea comunicãrii Ministerului Public a hotãrârii de deschidere a procedurii, iar procurorul nu este titular al acþiunii în acoperirea pasivului. Autorul considerã cã instituirea obligaþiei procurorului de a participa ºi pune concluzii în procedurã ar asigura o apãrare eficientã a ordinii publice, oferind premisele înfãptuirii unei justiþii plenare, în care atât interesele de ordin privat, cât ºi cele generale ar fi ocrotite. „De lege ferenda”, se propune participarea obligatorie a procurorului la acþiunea în acoperirea pasivului.
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The paper deals with the correct interpretation of statutory provisions governing the written reproduction of audio or video conversations and communications intercepted and recorded, including those conducted in other language than Romanian. The author argues that it is imperative that legal practice accounts for matters dealt with in order to avoid abuses in this area, resulting in deprivation of effects of material drafted in breach of the law. There are also highlighted the main changes operated in this area by the new Code of Criminal Procedure.
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The study under the heading above reviews the relationship between the European Parliament and national parliaments of the 27 EU Member States (including, where appropriate their regional parliaments) in the light of provisions brought under the Treaty of Lisbon (effective since December 1st, 2009).
