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Este în afara oricărei îndoieli că tradiționala clasificare a constituțiilor în constituții rigide și în constituții suple rămâne o teză unanim admisă de către constituționaliști. Cei care critică această clasificare o fac fie din ignoranță (și aici replicile sunt inutile), fie din motive pur electorale, mai mult sau mai puțin motivate. Pentru liniștea sufletească a acestora din urmă, trebuie să se observe că doctrina constituțională explică foarte clar faptul că rigiditatea unei constituții nu se opune revizuirii sale. Rigiditatea constituțională este de fapt un procedeu tehnic (constituțional) care se legitimează prin stabilitatea în timp a constituției, ca trăsătură definitorie a acesteia. Iar stabilitatea constituției se fondează, la rândul său, pe realitatea că o constituție este o reformă, este cea mai complexă reformă, a cărei exprimare cere timp și, de ce să nu o spunem, răbdare. -
Articolul 60 din Codul muncii reglementează ipotezele în care angajatorului îi este interzis, pe o perioadă limitată de timp, să procedeze la concedierea angajaților săi. Articolul sus-menționat are următorul conținut: „(1) Concedierea salariaților nu poate fi dispusă: a) pe durata incapacității temporare de muncă, stabilită prin certificat medical conform legii; b) pe durata suspendării activității ca urmare a instituirii carantinei; c) pe durata în care femeia salariată este gravidă, în măsura în care angajatorul a luat cunoștință de acest fapt anterior emiterii deciziei de concediere; d) pe durata concediului de maternitate; e) pe durata concediului pentru creșterea copilului în vârstă de până la 2 ani sau, în cazul copilului cu handicap, până la împlinirea vârstei de 3 ani; f) pe durata concediului pentru îngrijirea copilului bolnav în vârstă de până la 7 ani sau, în cazul copilului cu handicap, pentru afecțiuni intercurente, până la împlinirea vârstei de 18 ani; -
This paper intends to contribute to the reform of the Romanian legislation for preventing and combating terrorism. For this purpose, the author examines briefly three aspects. First, it refers to the meaning of the term „terrorism”. Secondly, it analyzes the reason that has imposed the use of the term of terrorism in international documents and, in particular, which is the purpose of the international conventions in this matter. Thirdly, there are investigated the main provisions of the Romanian legislation (Law No 535/2004 on preventing and combating terrorism), emphasizing some of its shortcomings. Finally, the paper includes some conclusions on the compliance or, where appropriate, the inconsistency between provisions stipulated in international documents and internal provisions.
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From the Decision No 42/2008 of the High Court of Cassation and Justice, United Sections, it emerges the rule cancellation excludes revocation in respect of which, given the finality of decisions in the interest of law to ensure a unitary practice, it must be admitted that the applicability is wider than the hypothesis that has generated it. -
Criminal regulations are lacunary as regards the punishment of the actions of some persons to determine, by corruption or by other means, ordered assassinations or other serious offences, although their activity is extremely dangerous, taking into account the fact that, sometimes, the victims escape only owing to the benevolence of those instigated, which, in some cases, even denounce the instigators.
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Under European law, EU directives and the problems of their transposition into national law are an issue that reflects the complex nature of the relationship between EU’s power to issue regulations and Member States’ tasks in deciding the optimal form of application of these rules internally. This paper presents the experience of Romania, one of the new Member States which joined the EU in 2007, with regard to the transposition into national system of the European directives as a means to illustrate the dynamics of the relationship between the European Union and the Member States.
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The article deals with the arbitrability of disputes arising in connection with intellectual property rights. The author analyzes and proposes possible solutions, given the arguments in favour and against the arbitrability of such disputes, based on the interpretation of the relevant provisions contained in the new Civil Procedure Code and in the special legislation edicted in matters of intellectual property rights. The last part of the study comprises a comparative analysis of the possible solutions adopted in the matter of arbitrability of these disputes in some European countries, in the United States of America and in Canada.
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The penal clause originates in the principle of contractual freedom. According to this principle, the parties are free to conclude any contracts and to determine their contents, within the limits imposed by the law, the public order and the morality (Article 1169 of the new Civil Code). This study examines the penal clause from a historical perspective, starting from the Roman law, continuing with the French canon law, the Civil Code of 1864, and then reaching to the new Civil Code, as well as the definition of the penal clause, the object, the advantages and the disadvantages of including the penal clause into contracts. The study also makes an analysis of the penal clause in comparison to other institutions of civil law, by emphasizing the similarities and the differences.
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One of the constant elements of the civil procedural institutions is the classification of the nullities of the civil procedure acts into two categories: absolute nullities and relative nullities. This dichotomy involves an essentially different legal treatment applicable to them. However, in many situations, nullities of the civil procedural acts depart, in some aspects, from the „classic” rules involved by this classification. The author of this study refers to such nullities as „atypical nullities”.
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This study focuses on the analysis of a rule of incrimination included in Article 190 of the new Criminal Code of Romania and entitled „killing at the victim’s request”. Naturally, the monographic research of this rule is set within the broader framework of the phenomenon of euthanasia, a phenomenon often subject to heated controversies in the criminal legal doctrine and that receives differentiated approaches brought by the multidisciplinary perspective they generate.
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The Labour Code (Law No 53/2003) was radically amended by the Law No 40/2011. One of the amendments and supplements brought to the Code was the rephrasing of Article 31, respectively, in addition to the trial period, it was regulated, only for the graduates of higher education institutions, a probation period (of 6 months) at the beginning of activity in their profession, with an additional specification that the modality of performing the probation period would be established by a special law. In this respect Law No 335/2013 on performing the probation period for higher education graduates has been recently adopted in order to regulate the probation contract. In this study the author makes an analysis – partly critical – of this last-mentioned law.
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În funcție de întinderea efectelor juridice pe care le produc, actele administrative se clasifică în acte normative și acte individuale. Încadrarea unui act infralegislativ într-una dintre cele două categorii mai sus arătate nu se realizează prin „decuparea” unor dispoziții din acel act, afectând în acest mod caracterul unitar al acestuia, ci prin examinarea integrală a conținutului său, prin prisma trăsăturilor fiecăreia dintre categoriile în discuție (acte normative și acte individuale). Cu alte cuvinte, un act administrativ este fie normativ, fie individual, în funcție de întinderea efectelor juridice pe care le produce ca întreg, indiferent de conținutul concret al unei părți (de exemplu al unei anexe) a acestuia. (Înalta Curte de Casație și Justiție, Secția de contencios administrativ și fiscal, Decizia nr. 1718 din 26 februarie 2013)
