In this study the author performs a general exposure of the concept of periodic penalty payments firstly (concept, terminology, origin and evolution; legal nature; goal, legal basis; structure), and then examines the legal regime of the periodic penalty payments in the administrative matter (the grant conditions; the forms of the periodic penalty payments and the liquidation of the periodic penalty payments in the matter, and finally he discusses about the issue of the periodic penalty payments in the administrative matter in the light of the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and of Fundamental Freedoms (including in terms of the practice of the European Court of Human Rights from Strasbourg).

The trust that the patient grants to the medicine professionals for applying the prevention or treatment methods corresponding to his health condition, under the lowest risks, depends on correct and complete information regarding his prevention, diagnostic and treatment activities. Actually, the breach of this deontological duty represents an act of betrayal of his trust, as he could not choose the best solution corresponding to his own interests, in the circumstances in which the patient is free to decide about his own fate. From the legal point of view, this breach of duty results in the civil liability incurred for the prejudices caused to the patient. Considered from the perspective of the biomedical ethics, the physician’s duty to inform the patient brings into focus an interesting subject of research: the manner in which the observance of the patient’s autonomy affects the mechanism of adopting the medical decision related to the diagnostic, the care, the treatment or determining him to undergo certain scientific experiments. From this perspective, the study tries to provide a new approach of the duty of information, but this time from the ethical point of view related to the consideration due to the dignity of the patient human being who is so vulnerable and suffering. The selection of the case law solutions rendered completes the exposure of the legal consequences regarding the breach of this duty.

Presenting the specific fundamental rights granted to the European citizens, of the new rights guaranteed in compliance with the progress and development of the society and taking into consideration the case law of the European Court of Human Rights and of the Court of Justice of the European Union, the author emphasizes the autonomous nature of the Charter of fundamental rights of the European Union. The fact that the Charter of fundamental rights of the European Union is granted a binding legal value after the Treaty of Lisbon enters into force, shall have an important part for the accession of the European Union to the (European) Convention for the protection of human rights and of fundamental freedoms. The Charter of fundamental rights of the European Union shall contribute to the acquirement of the important part that the European Union will play on the international stage, in the field of the human rights protection.

In this study the author carries out a summary of the anti-competitive practices, of the applicable laws at the national and European level, of the investigation and control procedures. Thus, the anti-competitive practices, the different views of the American law system and the European law system are examined regarding these practices and their impact on the national and world economy, the actions taken by the supervision and control authorities for their incrimination, the applicable sanctions.

The article contains an analysis of litigation on reducing military service pensions recalculated/revised by Law no. 119/2010 and by Government Emergency Ordinance no. 1/2011, in relation to those retained by the High Court of Cassation and Justice in Decision no. 29/2011, given in solving interesting appeal in law, on the application of the provisions of Law no. 29/2011. From the perspectives of the Decision no. 29/2011 the High Court of Cassation and Justice, the analysis is presented on two levels. First, targeting issues of constitutionality of the Law. 119/2010 and, second, conventional control of the law courts, in assessing the application effects in concreto of national standards, by reference to the European Convention on Human Rights.

According to the Romanian laws in the matter, the President of Romania, the senators, the deputies, the presidents of the county councils, the mayors, the county counselors and the local counselors are elected by the people by direct vote. Instead, the vice-presidents of the county councils and the deputy mayors of the local councils shall be elected by the indirect vote of the representatives elected in the county councils and respectively, in the local councils. Examining this issue regulated in several laws successively amended and supplemented, which results in a series of confusions regarding the enforcement, the author concludes that it would be reasonable and advisable for the vice-presidents of the county councils and for the deputy mayors of the local councils to be elected by a direct vote.